Research

From predictions to decisions under uncertainty

My research asks how forecasts, which are always uncertain, can be turned into operational policies that are profitable, robust and simple enough to implement. It began in evolutionary computation, moved to forecast-informed pricing and routing for online grocery delivery, and now concentrates on scalable forecasting systems deployed in real businesses.

Forecasting and decision support under heterogeneous demand

Scalable forecasting for large product ranges where demand is smooth for some items and sparse or intermittent for others; model selection by demand type; making forecast uncertainty usable in ordering decisions.

Demand management, pricing and routing for last-mile delivery

Decisions about delivery slots, prices and routes when orders arrive over time. Forecast orders are used to estimate the opportunity cost of each booking; profit and unnecessary driving are both considered.

Evolutionary computation for machine learning

Earlier work from the MSc period on genetic programming and metaheuristics for regression, program synthesis and differential equations.

Publications

4 peer-reviewed journal articles and 1 conference paper.

Bibliographic details are taken from the publishers' records. The 2026 Annals of Operations Research article is open access under a CC BY 4.0 licence and can be downloaded here.

2026

Efficient Forecast-Based Routing and Dynamic Time Window Management for Attended Home Deliveries

Mohammad Abdollahi, Xinan Yang and Michael Fairbank. Annals of Operations Research. Open access

Online grocers must decide which delivery slots to offer and at what price while orders are still arriving. This paper estimates the opportunity cost of each slot more accurately by routing forecast orders alongside confirmed ones, and introduces a dynamic slot-combination strategy that uses customers’ flexibility to make routes more efficient. Both ideas work within standard time-window routing systems and are evaluated on real data.

2023

Demand Management in Time-Slotted Last-Mile Delivery via Dynamic Routing with Forecast Orders

Mohammad Abdollahi, Xinan Yang, Moncef Ilies Nasri and Michael Fairbank. European Journal of Operational Research, 309(2), 704–718.

When a customer books a delivery slot, the retailer does not yet know which other orders will arrive. This paper forecasts the orders still to come and includes them in a dynamic routing model, so that slot availability and delivery charges reflect the true cost of each booking. The approach is tested on real-world attended-home-delivery data.

2013

Cartesian Genetic Programming with Crossover for Solving Elliptic Partial Differential Equations

Mohammad Abdollahi and Mahdi Aliyari Shoorehdeli. 11th Intelligent Systems Conference. Conference paper

Explores Cartesian genetic programming with a crossover operator as a way of finding approximate solutions to elliptic partial differential equations.

Google Scholar ORCID 0009-0007-0812-3135

Manuscripts in progress

Not yet published

These are working papers and are not counted above. Status will be updated as they progress.

Forecasting and decision support under heterogeneous demand

A unified forecasting framework with global and demand-type-gated local models: evidence from deployment in a small packaging business

Draws on the Knowledge Transfer Partnership to compare global forecasting models with local models selected by demand type, and to describe how such a system can be run reliably in a small business.

Manuscript complete; preparing for submission

Demand management, pricing and routing for last-mile delivery

Enhancing Opportunity Cost Approximation through Incorporation of Delivery Price Reduction

Extends the doctoral work on attended home delivery by including the effect of delivery-price reductions in the estimate of opportunity cost.

Under revision (revise and resubmit)

Research agenda

The next programme of work concerns how organisations move from increasingly powerful predictions to reliable decisions. Four strands follow directly from what I have already done:

  • Scalable forecasting for heterogeneous demand: when global models trained across a whole product range beat local models, when they do not, and how to decide per product without manual tuning.
  • Reliability-aware machine learning: forecasts that report their own uncertainty in a form an ordering or pricing rule can use, and fallbacks that fail safely when data is thin.
  • Forecast-driven optimisation: pricing, demand management and inventory policies that take forecast uncertainty as an input rather than a footnote.
  • Human-in-the-loop decision support: how buyers and planners actually use recommendations, when they override them, and how systems should be designed so that overrides improve the model rather than bypass it.

I am interested in collaboration with researchers in operations, analytics and information systems, and with companies willing to host applied projects. The Knowledge Transfer Partnership model worked well for me and I would gladly repeat it.

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